Overview of Current Hepatocellular Carcinoma Staging Systems: Is There an Optimal System?

Mariana Chavez-Villa, Ismael Domínguez-Rosado

Journal: Surgical oncology clinics of North America 2023;33(1):29-41

PMID: 37945143

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

Multiple hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) staging systems have been proposed and used clinically over time. These may consider clinical, pathological, radiological, or treatment response factors, depending on the model. Given the heterogeneity of HCC treatment in its different stages and the validation of the systems in different populations, they are not universal. Likewise, the improvement in diagnostic tools, as well as novel therapeutic alternatives, have made these models more complex. Despite this, some have been modified over time in line with advances in the field, and although there is no universally accepted one, each has its usefulness, strengths, and weaknesses.

Address: Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/DraMarianaCh.; Department of Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15 Tlalpan, Sección XVI, Mexico City C.P. 14000, Mexico. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2023.06.010

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Liver Neoplasms, Neoplasm Staging