Perinatal choline influences brain structure and function.

Steven H Zeisel, Mihai D Niculescu

Journal: Nutrition reviews 2006;64(4):197-203

PMID: 16673755

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Abstract

Choline is derived not only from the diet, but also from de novo synthesis. It is important for methyl-group metabolism, the formation of membranes, kidney function, and neurotransmission. When deprived of dietary choline, most adult men and postmenopausal women develop signs of organ dysfunction (fatty liver or muscle damage) and have a decreased capacity to convert homocysteine to methionine. Choline is critical during fetal development, when it influences stem cell proliferation and apoptosis, thereby altering brain structure and function (memory is permanently enhanced in rodents exposed to choline during the latter part of gestation).

Address: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599-7416, USA. [email protected]

DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2006.tb00202.x

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MeSH Terms: Brain, Choline, Female, Fetal Development, Folic Acid, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Lactation, Male, Methionine, Nootropic Agents, Perinatal Care, Pregnancy