Hyperemesis gravidarum and the dental patient.

Introduction Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a severe debilitating form of pregnancy sickness that affects around 3% of pregnancies annually. The annual cost to the National Health Service of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy has been estimated to be up to £62 million. Whilst the general focus of national guidance remains on the systemic management of HG, there is little recognition in the literature of the effects of hyperemesis and the oral cavity.Clinical features The effects of prolonged vomiting can result in malnutrition, electrolyte imbalances and weight loss, in addition to the effects on the oral cavity including increased risk of caries, erosion, taste disturbances and xerostomia. Treatment options can include prescription of antiemetics, corticosteroids, enteral tube and parenteral feeding.Discussion Maintaining good oral health during an HG pregnancy can be extremely challenging. As dental professionals, it is important to have a holistic understanding of HG, to be able to appropriately support patients and staff members who may be suffering with HG both pre-, peri- and post-partum.Conclusion Hyperemesis gravidarum can be an isolating condition for pregnant people. It is essential that dental professionals are familiar with HG in order to adequately support staff members and patients who may be suffering.

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