Protein sulfenic acids in redox signaling.

Leslie B Poole, P Andrew Karplus, Al Claiborne

Journal: Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology 2004;44():325-47

PMID: 14744249

Abstract

Reactive (low pKa) cysteine residues in proteins are critical components in redox signaling. A particularly reactive and versatile reversibly oxidized form of cysteine, the sulfenic acid (Cys-SOH), has important roles as a catalytic center in enzymes and as a sensor of oxidative and nitrosative stress in enzymes and transcriptional regulators. Depending on environment, sometimes the sulfenic acid provides a metastable oxidized form, and other times it is a fleeting intermediate giving rise to more stable disulfide, sulfinic acid, or sulfenyl-amide forms.

Address: Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA. [email protected]

DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121735

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MeSH Terms: Glutathione Reductase, Humans, Methionine, Oxidation-Reduction, Peroxidases, Peroxides, Protein Conformation, Proteins, Signal Transduction, Sulfenic Acids, Transcription, Genetic