Preoperative Nutrition Support in Elective Surgery.

Christopher DuCoin, Keerthana Kota

Journal: The Surgical clinics of North America 2026;106(2):169-188

PMID: 41997635

Abstract

Malnutrition is a prevalent and modifiable risk factor in surgical patients, strongly associated with increased postoperative complications, mortality, and prolonged hospital stays. The risk is especially high among patients with cancer, chronic diseases, and those undergoing major gastrointestinal or hepatobiliary procedures. Surgery itself exacerbates nutritional deficits through catabolic and inflammatory responses, increasing the risk of sarcopenia. Early identification using validated screening tools (MUST, NRS-2002, SGA, CT-based assessment) is crucial for optimizing care. Preoperative and perioperative nutritional support, particularly when integrated into ERAS protocols, significantly reduces complications, shortens hospital stays, and improves recovery and long-term outcomes across diverse high-risk patient populations.

Address: Division of GI & General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa General Hospital, 1 Tampa General Circle, Tampa, FL 33606, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].; Division of GI & General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa General Hospital, 1 Tampa General Circle, Tampa, FL 33606, USA; University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.

DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2025.12.008

MeSH Terms: Humans, Nutritional Support, Preoperative Care, Elective Surgical Procedures, Postoperative Complications, Malnutrition