Urinary tartaric acid as a biomarker of wine consumption and cardiovascular risk: the PREDIMED trial.
Lluis Serra-Majem, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Frank B Hu, Montserrat Fitó, Emilio Ros, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Olga Castañer, Ángel M Alonso-Gómez, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Polina Galkina, Ramon Estruch, Rosa M Lamuela-Raventós, Camila Arancibia-Riveros, José Lapetra, Miquel Fiol, Liming Liang, Cristina Razquin, Inés Domínguez-López, José V Sorlí
Journal: European heart journal
2025;46(2):161-172
PMID: 39689849
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Moderate wine consumption has been associated with lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in older populations. However, wine consumption information through self-reports is prone to measurement errors inherent to subjective assessments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between urinary tartaric acid, an objective biomarker of wine consumption, and the rate of a composite clinical CVD event.
METHODS
A case-cohort nested study was designed within the PREDIMED trial with 1232 participants: 685 incident cases of CVD and a random subcohort of 625 participants (including 78 overlapping cases). Wine consumption was registered using validated food frequency questionnaires. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure urinary tartaric acid at baseline and after one year of intervention. Weighted Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of CVD.
RESULTS
Tartaric acid was correlated with self-reported wine consumption at baseline [r = 0.46 (95% CI 0.41; 0.50)]. Five categories of post hoc urinary tartaric acid excretion were used for better representation of risk patterns. Concentrations of 3-12 and 12-35 μg/mL, which reflect ∼3-12 and 12-35 glasses/month of wine, were associated with lower CVD risk [HR 0.62 (95% CI 0.38; 1.00), P = .050 and HR 0.50 (95% CI 0.27; 0.95), P = .035, respectively]. Less significant associations between self-reported wine consumption and CVD risk were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
Light-to-moderate wine consumption, measured through an objective biomarker (tartaric acid), was prospectively associated with lower CVD rate in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.
Address:
Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. de Joan XXII, 27-31, Barcelona 08028, Spain.; Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Santa Coloma de Gramanet 08921, Spain.; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Madrid 28029, Spain.; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Madrid 28029, Spain.; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona 31008, Spain.; Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. de Joan XXII, 27-31, Barcelona 08028, Spain.; Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Santa Coloma de Gramanet 08921, Spain.; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Madrid 28029, Spain.; Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Pere Virgili Medical Research Institute (IISPV), Sant Joan University Hospital, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Madrid 28029, Spain.; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Madrid 28029, Spain.; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Madrid 28029, Spain.; Institute of Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands and Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Madrid 28029, Spain.; Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Sevilla Primary Health Care District, Sevilla, Spain.; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain.; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.; Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain.; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Madrid 28029, Spain.; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain.; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Madrid 28029, Spain.; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Rosselló 149-153, Barcelona 08036, Spain.
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MeSH Terms:
Humans,
Wine,
Biomarkers,
Male,
Female,
Tartrates,
Cardiovascular Diseases,
Aged,
Middle Aged,
Alcohol Drinking,
Heart Disease Risk Factors
