Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Gates B Colbert, Anna Gaddy, Edgar Lerma, Mohamed Elrggal, Hector Madariaga, Adam Kelly

Journal: Disease-a-month : DM 2025;71(4):101848

PMID: 39753456

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

Diabetic kidney disease is a leading cause of kidney failure worldwide and is easily detectable with screening examination. Diabetes causes hyperfiltration and activation of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system by hemodynamic changes within the nephron, which perpetuates damaging physiology. Diagnosis is often clinical after detection of heavy proteinuria in a patient with diabetes,but can be confirmed by observation of histologic stages on kidney biopsy. Mainstays of treatment include angiotensin conversion or receptor blockade, mineralocorticoid receptor blockade, and tight glucose control. Newer agents favored in diabetic kidney disease are sodium glucose-cotransporters and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, both for glycemic control and for various methods of reversing damaging physiology.

Address: Division of Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8700 Watertown Plank Road Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].; Nephrology Department, Kidney and Urology Center, Alexandria, Egypt.; Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.; Division of Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8700 Watertown Plank Road Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.; Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.; Division of Nephrology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine in Dallas, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.

DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2024.101848

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Diabetic Nephropathies, Renin-Angiotensin System