The structural and functional aspects of exercise-induced cardiac remodeling and the impact of exercise on cardiovascular outcomes.

The relationship between exercise training and overall cardiovascular health is well defined, with associated reductions in incidence of cardiovascular disease and comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cholesterol profile, body weight, and even some forms of cancer. In this regard, an exercise prescription is an effective tool to decrease all-cause mortality and improve overall health. As providers, properly educating patients on the type, amount, and intensity of exercise is important to ensure patients meet recommended exercise metrics to experience these health benefits. This review provides a concise, but comprehensive overview of the structural and functional aspects of exercise-induced cardiac remodeling, current recommended guidelines for exercise with supporting data, as well as the impact exercise has on various cardiovascular outcomes.