Molecular oncology of iodine refractory thyroid cancer current therapies and perspective.

François Cherifi, Ahmad Awada

Journal: Critical reviews in oncology/hematology 2025;209():104679

PMID: 40043925

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. Most patients will be treated and cured by surgery but a low percentage will develop advanced disease. The treatment of advanced disease is at first the use of radioiodine treatment in differentiated cancer then at progression will rely on molecular alterations and consequently in targeted treatments. In this review, we will explore the most frequent molecular alterations of each histological subtype: differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), medullary thyroid cancers (MTC) and clinically tested and approved treatment. We will also report the clinical and preclinical perspective in this field.

Address: Oncology Medicine department, François Baclesse Center, Caen, France. Electronic address: [email protected].; Oncology Medicine Department of Chirec Cancer Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium.

DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104679

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https://medlineplus.gov/thyroidcancer.html

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https://antibodies.cancer.gov/detail/CPTC-ATM-4

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Thyroid Neoplasms, Iodine Radioisotopes, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine, Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic