Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome in Youth: Clinical Insights and Public Health Implications.

Jason A Gilliland, Jamie A Seabrook, Morgan Seabrook

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health 2025;22(4):

PMID: 40283856

Abstract

This review focuses on Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome (CHS) in youth, a condition linked to chronic cannabis use and characterized by cyclic vomiting, abdominal pain, and dehydration. The objectives were to explore CHS progression in youth and its impact on health, and to assess current treatment strategies. There are the three distinct phases of CHS: prodromal, hyperemetic, and recovery. During the prodromal phase, individuals experience early morning nausea and discomfort, often mistakenly alleviated by continued cannabis use. The hyperemetic phase is marked by severe vomiting, dehydration, and complications like electrolyte imbalances, leading to potentially serious health risks. Temporary relief may be experienced through hot showers or baths. In the recovery phase, symptoms gradually resolve, and normal eating and bathing habits return. The review emphasizes the physical and psychological impacts of CHS on youth, highlighting the potential for misdiagnosis and the importance of early intervention. It stresses the need for targeted educational efforts in schools, healthcare settings, and public health campaigns to prevent delayed diagnosis and improve outcomes. Findings underscore the importance of increasing healthcare provider awareness and promoting preventive education. The review also advocates for further research into CHS pathophysiology to improve diagnostic and treatment protocols for young populations.

Address: Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON N6G 2M1, Canada.; Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada.; Brescia School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Western University, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada.; Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2V5, Canada.; Lawson Research Institute, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada.; London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada.; Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.; Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON N6G 2M1, Canada.; Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada.; Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2V5, Canada.; Lawson Research Institute, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada.; London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada.; Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.; Department of Geography and Environment, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C2, Canada.; School of Health Studies, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph22040633

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https://medlineplus.gov/marijuana.html

MeSH Terms: Humans, Vomiting, Adolescent, Cannabis, Public Health, Syndrome, Marijuana Abuse, Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome