Composition of carbohydrate, protein and lipid derived from microalgae using thermally pretreated solid waste.

Jun Wei Lim, Kuan Shiong Khoo, Normawati M Yunus, Woei-Yenn Tong, Hemamalini Rawindran, Gour Gopal Satpati, Sudatta Maity, Krittika Chandran, Herma Dina Setiabudi

Journal: Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2025;105(9):4672-4679

PMID: 39559900

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Abstract

Microalgae are widely recognized for their capacity to generate value-added products in a variety of sectors, including the pharmaceutical and food industries, bioenergy industries and wastewater industries. The quality of a microalga is significantly influenced by its proliferation. Along with growth, the biochemical profile may also vary based on the nutrient that is supplemented. The majority of the supplemented nutrients utilized are not in a functional state, as they are typically extracted in liquid form or pretreated prior to use. Parallel to numerous commonly applied pretreatment processes, including chemical, mechanical and biological, thermal pretreatment appears to receive less attention. Hence it is crucial to comprehend the potential for thermal pretreatment as well as its mechanism in militating the solid waste to release additional nutrients in order to enhance the biochemical profile of microalgae. The current review takes a closer look at the impact of various thermal pretreatments on solid waste on influencing microalgal performance in terms of their overall biochemical profiles such as carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. This approach is likely to enhance the circular economy by utilizing waste products and effectively closing the loop on waste. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Address: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.; Algae Bioseparation Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.; Department of Botany, Bangabasi Evening College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.; Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.; School of Bioscience, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Mahsa University, Jenjarom, Malaysia.; HICoE - Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Sustainable Energy and Resources, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia.; Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kajang, Malaysia.; Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Gambang, Malaysia.; Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid and Processes, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Gambang, Malaysia.; Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia.

DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.14038

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MeSH Terms: Microalgae, Lipids, Carbohydrates, Solid Waste, Hot Temperature, Proteins