Optimal Instruments for Measurement of Dietary Intake, Physical Activity, and Sleep Among Adults in Population-Based Studies: Report of a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop.

Kirsten A Herrick, Amanda Paluch, Alfonso Alfini, Linda V van Horn, Gabriel Anaya, Dana L Wolff-Hughes, Frank B Hu, Dorothea Dumuid, Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Kristen L Knutson, Michael A Grandner, Kelley Pettee Gabriel, Erin E Dooley, Jennifer Schrack, Sylvia E Badon, Aiden Doherty, Katherine L Tucker, Maya K Vadiveloo, Keith M Diaz, Alison Brown, Charlotte A Pratt, Christopher M Depner, Marissa M Shams-White, Julio Fernandez-Mendoza, Carol Boushey, Diana Thomas, Yuling Hong, Jared P Reis

Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association 2024;13(21):e035818

PMID: 39424410

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Abstract

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a virtual workshop in September 2022 to discuss "Optimal Instruments for Measurement of Diet, Physical Activity, and Sleep." This report summarizes the proceedings, identifying current research gaps and future directions for measuring different lifestyle behaviors in adult population-based studies. Key discussions centered on integrating report-based methods, like questionnaires, with device-based assessments, including wearables and physiological measures such as biomarkers and omics to enhance self-reported metrics and better understand the underlying biologic mechanisms of chronic diseases. Emphasis was placed on the need for data harmonization, including the adoption of standard terminology, reproducible metrics, and accessible raw data, to enhance the analysis through artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques. The workshop highlighted the importance of standardizing procedures for integrated behavioral phenotypes using time-series data. These efforts aim to refine data accuracy and comparability across studies and populations, thereby advancing our understanding of lifestyle behaviors and their impact on chronic disease outcomes over the life course.

Address: Epidemiology Branch, Prevention and Population Sciences Program, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA.; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health University of Alabama at Birmingham AL USA.; Department of Medicine Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA.; Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA.; National Center on Sleep Disorders Research, Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA.; Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California Oakland CA USA.; Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center University of Hawai'i at Mānoa Honolulu HI USA.; Clinical Applications and Prevention Branch, Prevention and Population Sciences Program, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA.; Department of Health and Kinesiology University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA.; Columbia University Medical Center New York NY USA.; Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford UK.; Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity University of South Australia Adelaide Australia.; Penn State Health Sleep Research and Treatment Center Penn State University College of Medicine Hershey PA USA.; The University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson AZ USA.; Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute Bethesda MD USA.; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Boston MA USA.; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA.; Department of Kinesiology and Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA.; John Hopkins University Center on Aging and Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA.; United States Military Academy at West Point NY USA.; Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences University of Massachusetts - Lowell MA USA.; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences The University of Rhode Island Kingston RI USA.

DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.124.035818

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Life Style, Eating, Exercise, Wearable Electronic Devices, Chronic Disease, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U.S.), Data Collection