Brain reserve in hepatic encephalopathy: Pathways of damage and preventive strategies through lifestyle and therapeutic interventions.

Jacqueline Cordova-Gallardo, Jesus Ruiz-Manriquez, Aldo Torre, Javier Ampuero, Andres Manuel Vargas-Beltran, Samantha Melanie Armendariz-Pineda

Journal: Annals of hepatology 2025;30(1):101740

PMID: 39615628

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Abstract

Brain reserve is an important concept to understand the variability of damage associated with brain-related diseases and includes the adaptation of cognitive processes to preserve brain function. A good cognitive reserve might delay the onset of clinical manifestations of neurodegenerative diseases as well as hepatic encephalopathy, improving the quality of life in patients with chronic liver diseases. By stimulating activities and maintaining overall health, individuals may be able to enhance their brain's resilience to age-related changes and pathology. This review aims to collect all the data available on the role of brain reserve in hepatic encephalopathy development, and the potential effect of a good brain reserve in slowing down hepatic encephalopathy progression and frequency.

Address: Department of Gastroenterology, Service of Internal Medicine, General Hospital "Dr. Manuel Gea González", 14080 Mexico City, Mexico; Faculty of Medicine. National Autonomous University of Mexico, 04360 Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Gastroenterology, Service of Internal Medicine, General Hospital "Dr. Manuel Gea González", 14080 Mexico City, Mexico; Faculty of Medicine, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 72420 Puebla, Mexico. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Gastroenterology, Service of Internal Medicine, General Hospital "Dr. Manuel Gea González", 14080 Mexico City, Mexico; Faculty of Medicine. National Autonomous University of Mexico, 04360 Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Gastroenterology, Service of Internal Medicine, General Hospital "Dr. Manuel Gea González", 14080 Mexico City, Mexico.; Unit for the Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBIS) University of Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].; Metabolic Unit. National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico; Guest Researcher Hepatology, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; Gastroenterology Department, ABC Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2024.101740

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Hepatic Encephalopathy, Brain, Cognitive Reserve, Life Style, Disease Progression, Risk Factors, Cognition