Management of Forefoot Nonunions: A Brief Overview with Case Example.

Craig E Clifford

Journal: Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery 2025;42(2):223-236

PMID: 39988389

Abstract

Forefoot nonunions present significant challenges in clinical practice due to their complex etiology and the essential role of the forefoot in weight-bearing and ambulation. Risk factors such as poor vascular supply, diabetes, smoking, poor nutritional status, non-compliance, and infection exacerbate the condition. Diagnosis primarily relies on clinical evaluation and imaging modalities. The effective management of forefoot nonunions requires a multifaceted approach that integrates accurate diagnosis, appropriate conservative or surgical treatment, and thorough postoperative care and long-term follow- up. Understanding the underlying causes and appropriately managing patient comorbidities can significantly enhance treatment outcomes and patients' quality of life.

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Address: International Foot & Ankle Foundation for Education and Research, Northwest Foot & Ankle Center, 9399 Ridgetop Boulevard Northwest, Suite 102, Silverdale, WA 98383, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
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