Association of a DASH diet and magnetoencephalography in dementia-free adults with different risk levels of Alzheimer's disease.

María Dolores Salas-González, Fernando Maestú-Unturbe, África Peral-Suárez, Esther Cuadrado-Soto, Ana M López-Sobaler, María Luisa Delgado-Losada, Aránzazu Aparicio, Alejandra García-Colomo, Alfredo Trabado-Fernández, Ana María Lorenzo-Mora

Journal: GeroScience 2025;47(2):1747-1759

PMID: 39354239

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Abstract

This study explored how adherence to the DASH diet relates to electrophysiological measures in individuals at varying Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk due to family history (FH). There were 179 dementia-free subjects. DASH index was calculated, and participants were classified into different DASH adherence groups. Tertiles of relative alpha power in default mode network (DMN) regions were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the association. Lower DASH adherence was associated with decreased odds of higher relative alpha power in the DMN, observed across the entire sample and specifically among those without a FH of AD. Logistic regression models indicated that participants with poorer DASH adherence had a reduced likelihood of elevated DMN alpha power, potentially influenced by vascular and amyloid-beta mechanisms. These findings underscore the dietary pattern's potential role in neural activity modulation, particularly in individuals not genetically predisposed to AD.

Address: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pl. de Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223, Madrid, Spain.; Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pl. de Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain. [email protected].; VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain. [email protected].; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pl. de Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.; VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pl. de Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pl. de Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.; VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.; Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223, Madrid, Spain.; VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.; Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223, Madrid, Spain.; Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223, Madrid, Spain.; Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain.

DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01361-3

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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-024-01361-3

MeSH Terms: Humans, Alzheimer Disease, Male, Female, Magnetoencephalography, Aged, Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension, Middle Aged, Risk Factors