Impact of Hospital Dentistry on Patients' Food Intake Status in Convalescent Rehabilitation Ward.

Yasuyuki Iwasa, Akiko Nomoto, Masako Kishima, Tomohisa Ohno, Koichiro Matsuo, Ichiro Fujishima, Shunsuke Minakuchi, Hideo Sakaguchi, Izumi Terada, Yoshiko Umeda, Daisuke Kanamori, Yasutomo Motohashi, Kenichiro Ozaki

Journal: Journal of oral rehabilitation 2024;51(11):2467-2474

PMID: 39210682

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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Treating oral problems with dentist intervention during hospitalisation may improve patients' food intake status.

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to clarify whether convalescent rehabilitation ward inpatients in a hospital with hospital dentistry (HHD) had a better diet at discharge than those in a hospital without hospital dentistry (HNHD).

METHODS

Retrospective observational study including inpatients with dental involvement in a HHD with dentists and dental hygienists and HNHD with dental hygienist and visiting dental service between 1 March and 31 August 2022. Data included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), Functional Independent Measure (FIM) motor and cognitive, Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) score, Food Intake LEVEL Scale (FILS), whether the FILS ≥8 (indicating that patient eats also a non-texture-modified diet), remained and functional tooth numbers and speech language hearing therapist (SLHT) and dentist interventions. Comparisons between the two hospitals and factors that affected the FILS ≥8 were examined.

RESULTS

A total of 333 and 89 inpatients were included in the HHD and HNHD groups, respectively. After propensity score matching, the HHD group had a significantly higher rate of FILS ≥8, functional tooth numbers at discharge, and SLHT and dentist intervention rates. The multivariable logistic regression analysis for propensity score matching participants showed that the significant independent variables for FILS ≥8 were age, BMI, FILS, FIM motor (all at admission) and SLHT and dentist interventions. Odds ratio for dentist intervention was 14.46 (95% CI: 4.36-48.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Dentists are necessary to improve patients' food intake status in convalescent rehabilitation wards.

Address: Department of Dentistry, Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.; Hospital Dentistry Committee of Japanese Society of Gerodontology, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Rehabilitation, Seirei Fukuroi Municipal Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.; Department of Dentistry, Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.; Hospital Dentistry Committee of Japanese Society of Gerodontology, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Dentistry, Haradoi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.; Hospital Dentistry Committee of Japanese Society of Gerodontology, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Dentistry, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.; Hospital Dentistry Committee of Japanese Society of Gerodontology, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Dentistry, Fujita Health University Nanakuri Memorial Hospital, Mie, Japan.; Hospital Dentistry Committee of Japanese Society of Gerodontology, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Dentistry, Wakakusa-Tatsuma Rehabilitation Hospital, Osaka, Japan.; Hospital Dentistry Committee of Japanese Society of Gerodontology, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Dentistry, Ryohoku Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.; Hospital Dentistry Committee of Japanese Society of Gerodontology, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Oral Health Sciences for Community Welfare, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.; Hospital Dentistry Committee of Japanese Society of Gerodontology, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Dentistry, Musashimurayama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.; Hospital Dentistry Committee of Japanese Society of Gerodontology, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital, Tochigi, Japan.; Hospital Dentistry Committee of Japanese Society of Gerodontology, Tokyo, Japan.; Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

DOI: 10.1111/joor.13848

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Male, Female, Retrospective Studies, Eating, Middle Aged, Aged, Dental Service, Hospital, Oral Health, Patient Discharge, Adult, Inpatients