The effectiveness of chia seed in improving glycemic status: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Parsa Jamilian, Sanaz Asemani, Iman El Sayed, Meysam Zarezadeh, Pedram Pam, Zohreh Ghoreishy

Journal: Diabetes & metabolic syndrome 2024;18(6):103065

PMID: 38917708

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

AIMS

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of chia seeds in improving glycemic status, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and insulin.

METHODS

A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar up to January 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of chia seeds on FBG, HbA1c, and/or insulin that meet our eligibility criteria were included. Version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB2) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Data were extracted and analyzed using a random-effects model and reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed. The registration number was CRD42023441766.

RESULTS

Out of 341 articles retrieved from the initial search, 8 RCTs (with 10 arms) involving 362 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that chia consumption had no significant effect on FBG (WMD: 0.79 %; 95 % CI: -0.97 to 2.55; p = 0.38), HbA1c (WMD: -0.12 %; 95 % CI: -0.27 to 0.02; p = 0.09), and insulin (WMD:1.23 %; 95 % CI: -1.77 to 4.22; p = 0.42).

CONCLUSIONS

Chia seed consumption shows no significant impact on FBG, HbA1c, and insulin levels. This study is limited by the small number of studies in the meta-analysis and the significant heterogeneity among them, necessitating further research with larger sample sizes.

Address: Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Statistics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103065

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Seeds, Blood Glucose, Glycated Hemoglobin, Salvia hispanica, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Glycemic Control, Prognosis, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Insulin