Calprotectin: two sides of the same coin.

Francesco Equitani, Valeria Carnazzo, Serena Redi, Valerio Basile, Patrizia Natali, Francesca Gulli, Mariapaola Marino, Umberto Basile

Journal: Rheumatology (Oxford, England) 2024;63(1):26-33

PMID: 37603715

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Abstract

Calprotectin (CLP) is a calcium-binding protein produced by neutrophils and monocytes in the course of inflammation. Today, the role of faecal CLP in chronic IBD is well known, but in recent years attention has shifted towards circulating CLP. In fact, this molecule can be measured in different biological fluids: blood, saliva and urine, using different analytic methods that are described in this review. Furthermore, different data confirm the relevant role of serum CLP in autoimmune diseases. In this review we will highlight the correlation between high levels of circulating CLP and specific autoantibodies of major autoimmune pathologies paving the way to the employment of CLP measurement as useful biomarker for monitoring outcome in different pathologies.

Address: Department of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, AUSL Latina, Latina, Italy.; Department of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, AUSL Latina, Latina, Italy.; Facoltà di medicina e Chirurgia, Department of Clinical Pathology, Università "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.; Clinical Pathology Unit and Cancer Biobank, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria e Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Modena, Modena, Italy.; Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.; Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immuno-Hematology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, AUSL Latina, Latina, Italy.; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Sezione di Patologia Generale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead405

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex, Inflammation, Biomarkers, Feces, Neutrophils, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases