Persistent COVID-19: A Case Report of an Immunocompromised Patient and a Literature Review.

Patrick Villani, Aurélie Daumas, Pierre-André Jarrot, Sirine Bekkaoui, Geoffroy Venton, Fannie Bretelle, Victoria Garrido, Victor Chabbert, Stéphane Gayet, Paul Dalmas, Antoine Tichadou, Robin Arcani

Journal: Acta haematologica 2024;147(5):571-575

PMID: 38359806

Full Text on S. Karger AG, Basel, Switzerland View on PubMed

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Immunocompromised patients can show prolonged shedding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and persistent symptoms, which is called persistent COVID-19.

CASE PRESENTATION

We report a case of an immunocompromised patient who was treated for mantle cell lymphoma and was suffering from B-cell depletion. The patient developed persistent COVID-19, which was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests in only sputum and bronchoalveolar fluid which remained positive for at least 112 days. The patient was successfully treated with SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasma.

CONCLUSION

It could be of interest to investigate the RT-PCR results of SARS-CoV-2 in sputum/bronchoalveolar lavage samples from immunocompromised patients with unexplained pneumonia.

Address: Internal Medicine and Therapeutics Department, CHU La Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France.; Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France.; TAGC, INSERM, UMR1090, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.; SMARTc Unit, Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, UMR_911 CRO2 Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.; Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France.; TAGC, INSERM, UMR1090, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.; Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, CHU La Conception, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France.; Center for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), INRA 1260, INSERM UMR_S 1263, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.; Internal Medicine and Therapeutics Department, CHU La Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France.; Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France.; Internal Medicine and Therapeutics Department, CHU La Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France.; Center for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), INRA 1260, INSERM UMR_S 1263, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.

DOI: 10.1159/000537793

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MeSH Terms: Humans, COVID-19, Immunocompromised Host, SARS-CoV-2, Male, Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid, COVID-19 Serotherapy, Middle Aged, Immunization, Passive, Sputum