TOR in plants: Multidimensional regulators of plant growth and signaling pathways.

Mohamed Hnini, Karim Rabeh, Malika Oubohssaine

Journal: Journal of plant physiology 2024;294():154186

PMID: 38330538

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Abstract

Target Of Rapamycin (TOR) represents a ubiquitous kinase complex that has emerged as a central regulator of cell growth and metabolism in nearly all eukaryotic organisms. TOR is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase, functioning as a central signaling hub that integrates diverse internal and external cues to regulate a multitude of biological processes. These processes collectively exert significant influence on plant growth, development, nutrient assimilation, photosynthesis, fruit ripening, and interactions with microorganisms. Within the plant domain, the TOR complex comprises three integral components: TOR, RAPTOR, and LST8. This comprehensive review provides insights into various facets of the TOR protein, encompassing its origin, structure, function, and the regulatory and signaling pathways operative in photosynthetic organisms. Additionally, we explore future perspectives related to this pivotal protein kinase.

Address: Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnologies, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco. Electronic address: [email protected].; Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnologies, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154186

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MeSH Terms: TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases, Signal Transduction, Plants, Plant Development, Eukaryota