Integrated ultrastructural, physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis uncovers the mechanisms by which nicotinamide alleviates cadmium toxicity in Pistia stratiotes L.

Xiong Li, Yanshuang Li, Jianchu Xu, Na Hu, Ting Yang, Haisheng Tang, Xumei Huang

Journal: Journal of hazardous materials 2024;467():133702

PMID: 38330649

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

Exogenous nicotinamide (NIC) is a promising solution to relieve heavy metal (HM) toxicity in plants. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. As NIC addition (200 μM) can increase the tolerance of Pistia stratiotes L. to Cd stress (10 mg L), this strategy was subjected to integrated ultrastructural, physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis to reveal the mechanisms involved. Exogenous NIC initiated a series of physiological, transcriptional, and metabolic responses that alleviated Cd damage. NIC addition improved Cd transfer from roots to leaves and reduced Cd damage in roots. The transported Cd to leaves did not induce further toxicity because it was abundantly compartmentalised in cell walls, which might be mediated by lignin synthesis. Moreover, NIC addition improved the repair of photosystem II in leaves under Cd stress by inducing key genes (e.g., chlorophyll A-B binding protein and PSII repair protein encoding genes), resulting in the restoration of Fv/Fm. In addition, antioxidant enzyme activities (e.g., peroxidase and catalase) and synthesis of antioxidants (e.g., stachydrine and curculigoside) were triggered to overcome oxidative stress. Our work paves the way for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which NIC alleviates HM toxicity in plants, providing a basis for improving phytoremediation.

Address: Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honghe 654400, China.; Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honghe 654400, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.; Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honghe 654400, China; School of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.; Service Center for Experimental Biotechnology, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.; Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honghe 654400, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133702

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MeSH Terms: Cadmium, Niacinamide, Chlorophyll A, Gene Expression Profiling, Cadmium Poisoning, Antioxidants, Araceae