Waldenström Disease in a Renal Transplant: a Case Report and Review of the Literature.

BACKGROUND

We report through this case, the exceptional occurrence of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia in a renal transplant.

METHODS

A 65-year-old diabetic man, who had a kidney transplant in 2008, presented to the hospital in 2020 for ketoacid decompensation. The blood ionogram showed hyperproteinemia at 102 g/L. Electrophoresis and immunofixation of serum proteins revealed a monoclonal immunoglobulin of IgM Kappa isotype numbered at 46 g/L. Confirmation of Waldenström's disease was made by myelogram and immunophenotyping of tumor cells.

RESULTS

The diagnosis adopted for our case is Waldenström's disease which occurred 12 years after the kidney transplantation.

CONCLUSIONS

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative syndromes are secondary to immunosuppressive therapy, the main concern in this case is the involvement of the graft with the risk of losing its function, hence the interest of monitoring and identifying any hyperproteinemia.