Analysis of the current situation of pharmacogenomics in terms of educational and healthcare needs in Egypt and Lebanon.

Amani A Sorour, Ahmed Wahid, Mohamed Nagy, Noha F Abdelkader, Sanaa A Haroon, Rehab Bahy, Marwa Kamal, Samah Shehata, Amal Mh Ghanim, Rasha Abdelhady, Tarek M Abdelghany, Mariam Gamaleldin, Mohamed Hussein Abdelgalil, Mirna Fawaz, Salwa A Abuiessa, Nehal Elmansoury, Dalia Makhlouf, Heba A Metwaly, Sahar M El-Gowilly, Said El Shamieh, Asmaa M Abushady, Ingolf Cascorbi, Ann Daly, Vangelis G Manolopoulos, Rajaa Fakhoury

Journal: Pharmacogenomics 2024;25(10-11):429-440

PMID: 39382016

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Abstract

Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is a practice that investigates the link between genetic differences and drug response in patients. This can improve treatment effectiveness and reduce harmful side effects. However, has yet to be adequately realized in developing nations. Three surveys were conducted between November 2022 to March 2023 in Egypt and Lebanon. The first survey assessed availability of PGx testing in different healthcare facilities; the second one assessed knowledge, interest and attitude toward learning about PGx among pharmacists and physicians; and the third one assessed interest in providing PGx education at academic levels. In Egypt, a few of the surveyed healthcare facilities are conducting some form of pharmacogenetic testing. In Lebanon, very few germline pharmacogenomic tests are offered in Greater Beirut's leading hospitals, and no other testing was recorded. PGx education attracts considerable interest, with 34.3% of pharmacists very interested and 48.8% interested. Similarly, 24.8% of total physicians were very interested while 44.8% were interested. Academic professionals in the surveyed institutions in both countries agreed on the need for educational programs in PGx and 78.2% agreed that there were good opportunities for implementing PGx testing. These findings clearly indicate the need to develop and implement educational programs in PGx in the Middle-East.

Address: Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt.; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt.; Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt.; Personalized Medication Management Unit, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt.; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11-5020, Lebanon.; School of Biotechnology, Nile University, Giza, Egypt.; Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.; School of Biotechnology, Nile University, Giza, Egypt.; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.; School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, U.K.; School of Biomedical, Nutritional & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE24HH, United Kingdom.; Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.; Biochemistry department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.; Clinical pharmacy department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.; Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.; Plant protection department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.; Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana Campus, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece.; Institute of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany.; Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.

DOI: 10.1080/14622416.2024.2403967

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MeSH Terms: Lebanon, Humans, Egypt, Pharmacogenetics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Pharmacists, Physicians, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Pharmacogenomic Testing, Health Services Needs and Demand, Female, Male