Microbial diversity and interaction networks in polar Sediments: Insights from the Circum-Antarctic, Antarctic Peninsula and Arctic.

Xiao-Hua Zhang, Yong Jiang, Bin Kong, Dong Li, Xing Chen, Zhengang Liu, Furong Cao, Jiyuan Wan, Xiaochong Shi

Journal: Marine environmental research 2025;210():107261

PMID: 40505528

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

The unique environmental characteristics of polar regions highlighted the essential role of microorganisms in these environments. We analyzed microbial community composition in surface sediments from the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) and Circum-Antarctic (CA), and conducted a meta-analysis incorporating published microbial community data from AP, CA and the Arctic to explore differences in microbial composition, interactions, and community assembly processes. The results suggest that the relatively stable and homogeneous environmental conditions in the CA region may contribute to maintaining higher microbial diversity. In terms of community composition, AP was particularly enriched in sulfur-reducing bacteria, such as Sva1033 and Sva0485. Microbial co-occurrence network analysis revealed that CA exhibited the highest network complexity, followed by AP, with the Arctic showing the lowest complexity. Further robustness analysis demonstrated that CA had the lowest network stability. Both deterministic and stochastic processes jointly shaped the geographic distribution patterns of microorganisms across the three regions, with AP predominantly influenced by heterogeneous selection, CA by undominated processes, and the Arctic by dispersal limitation. This study provides important insights into the diversity and assembly processes of microbial communities in polar marine surface sediments.

Address: Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China; Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.; Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.; First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China.; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China.; Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China; Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; MoE Key Laboratory of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China. Electronic address: [email protected].; Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China; Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; MoE Key Laboratory of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107261

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MeSH Terms: Geologic Sediments, Antarctic Regions, Arctic Regions, Biodiversity, Microbiota, Bacteria