Oral Food Challenges: The Standard of Diagnosis.

J Andrew Bird, Jessica Macdougall, Devangi Shah

Journal: Immunology and allergy clinics of North America 2025;45(3):355-365

PMID: 40669937

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

Oral food challenges are considered the gold-standard diagnosis of food allergy and are frequently performed in the clinical setting to determine whether a food allergic patient may reintroduce a food to the diet or continue strict avoidance; however, they are expensive, time-consuming, and potentially risky. Surrogate biomarkers can help guide management in the clinical setting but do not replace the need for oral food challenges. As providers rely on oral food challenges in their clinical management of patients, it is important to have training and standardized protocols to reduce risk to patients if allergic reactions were to occur.

Address: Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, OHSU Physicians Pavilion, 3270 SW Pavilion Loop, Portland, OR 97239, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA.; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2025.04.004

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Food Hypersensitivity, Allergens, Biomarkers, Administration, Oral, Food, Immunoglobulin E, Immunologic Tests