Does particle radiation have superior radiobiological advantages for prostate cancer cells? A systematic review of in vitro studies.

Tian-Qi Du, Ruifeng Liu, Qiuning Zhang, Hongtao Luo, Yanliang Chen, Mingyu Tan, Qian Wang, Xun Wu, Zhiqiang Liu, Shilong Sun, Kehu Yang, Jinhui Tian, Xiaohu Wang

Journal: European journal of medical research 2022;27(1):306

PMID: 36572945

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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Charged particle beams from protons to carbon ions provide many significant physical benefits in radiation therapy. However, preclinical studies of charged particle therapy for prostate cancer are extremely limited. The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the biological effects of charged particles on prostate cancer from the perspective of in vitro studies.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic review by searching EMBASE (OVID), Medline (OVID), and Web of Science databases to identify the publications assessing the radiobiological effects of charged particle irradiation on prostate cancer cells. The data of relative biological effectiveness (RBE), surviving fraction (SF), standard enhancement ratio (SER) and oxygen enhancement ratio (OER) were extracted.

RESULTS

We found 12 studies met the eligible criteria. The relative biological effectiveness values of proton and carbon ion irradiation ranged from 0.94 to 1.52, and 1.67 to 3.7, respectively. Surviving fraction of 2 Gy were 0.17 ± 0.12, 0.55 ± 0.20 and 0.53 ± 0.16 in carbon ion, proton, and photon irradiation, respectively. PNKP inhibitor and gold nanoparticles were favorable sensitizing agents, while it was presented poorer performance in GANT61. The oxygen enhancement ratio values of photon and carbon ion irradiation were 2.32 ± 0.04, and 1.77 ± 0.13, respectively. Charged particle irradiation induced more G0-/G1- or G2-/M-phase arrest, more expression of γ-H2AX, more apoptosis, and lower motility and/or migration ability than photon irradiation.

CONCLUSIONS

Both carbon ion and proton irradiation have advantages over photon irradiation in radiobiological effects on prostate cancer cell lines. Carbon ion irradiation seems to have further advantages over proton irradiation.

Address: Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Rd, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China.; Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.; Heavy Ion Therapy Center, Lanzhou Heavy Ion Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China.; Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Rd, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China. [email protected].; Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China. [email protected].; Heavy Ion Therapy Center, Lanzhou Heavy Ion Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China. [email protected].; Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China.; Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Rd, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China. [email protected].; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China. [email protected].; Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China. [email protected].; Heavy Ion Therapy Center, Lanzhou Heavy Ion Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China. [email protected].

DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00942-2

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Full Text Sources:

Medical:

https://medlineplus.gov/prostatecancer.html

Miscellaneous:

https://assays.cancer.gov/CPTAC-1496

MeSH Terms: Male, Humans, Protons, Gold, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Metal Nanoparticles, Prostatic Neoplasms, Carbon, Oxygen, Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor), DNA Repair Enzymes