High-fiber diet ameliorates gut microbiota, serum metabolism and emotional mood in type 2 diabetes patients.

Lihua Chen, Bo Liu, Lixia Ren, Hao Du, Chunhua Fei, Chang Qian, Bin Li, Ruixia Zhang, Haixia Liu, Zongjie Li, Zhiyong Ma

Journal: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 2023;13():1069954

PMID: 36794003

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Plain Language Summary

Accumulating studies have demonstrated that there are strong correlations between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gut microbiota. A nutritious diet composed of an adequate level of dietary fibres could provide enough carbohydrates for the gut microbiota to ferment, and the microbial metabolites could provide energy supply and regulate the immune function of the host. The aim of this study was to analyse the changes in gut microbiota, serum metabolism and emotional mood of patients with T2DM after consumption of a high-fibre diet. This study was a randomised, open-label, parallel-group clinical trial in T2DM patients with a 4-week treatment period. Seventeen patients clinically diagnosed with T2DM enrolled in the clinical trial and were randomly assigned into two groups: the control group (n = 8) or the intervention group (n = 9). Results showed that the high-fibre diet (compared to the control group): - improved glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism of participants with T2DM; - decreased serum levels of inflammatory chemokines in participants with T2DM; - alleviated depression and anxiety symptoms, particularly by the uptake of more diverse carbohydrates in the diet in participants with T2DM; - enhanced the diversity of gut microbiota in the treatment group. Authors conclude that the dietary source of fibre demonstrated protective impacts on the gut ecosystem, and the alteration of the gut microbiota composition improved the glucose homeostasis in patients with T2DM.

Abstract

Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often had the problems of fecal microbiota dysbiosis, and were usually accompanied with psychiatric comorbidities (such as depression and anxiety). Here, we conducted a randomized clinical study to analyze the changes in gut microbiota, serum metabolism and emotional mood of patients with T2DM after consumption of a high-fiber diet. The glucose homeostasis of participants with T2DM was improved by the high-fiber diet, and the serum metabolome, systemic inflammation and psychiatric comorbidities were also altered. The increased abundances of , and revealed that the proportions of beneficial gut microbes were enriched by the high-fiber diet, while the abundances of , and other opportunistic pathogens were decreased. Therefore, the current study demonstrated that the intestinal microbiota alterations which were influenced by the high-fiber diet could improve the serum metabolism and emotional mood of patients with T2DM.

Address: School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China.; Department of Gastroenterology, Mental Health Center of Fengxian District, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Safety & Quality Management Department, Sino-science Yikang (Beijing) Biotech Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.; Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China.

DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1069954