Regulatory T cells as metabolic sensors.

Paola de Candia, Claudio Procaccini, Claudia Russo, Maria Teresa Lepore, Giuseppe Matarese

Journal: Immunity 2022;55(11):1981-1992

PMID: 36351373

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Abstract

Compelling experimental evidence links immunity and metabolism. In this perspective, we propose forkhead-box-P3 (FoxP3)CD4CD25 regulatory T (Treg) cells as key metabolic sensors controlling the immunological state in response to their intrinsic capacity to perceive nutritional changes. Treg cell high anabolic state in vivo, residency in metabolically crucial districts, and recirculation between lymphoid and non-lymphoid sites enable them to recognize the metabolic cues and adapt their intracellular metabolism and anti-inflammatory function at the paracrine and systemic levels. As privileged regulators at the interface between neuroendocrine and immune systems, the role of Treg cells in maintaining metabolic homeostasis makes these cells promising targets of therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring organismal homeostasis not only in autoimmune but also metabolic disorders.

Address: Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy. Electronic address: [email protected].; Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; Unità di Neuroimmunologia, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: [email protected].; Unità di Neuroimmunologia, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy.; Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy.; Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy; Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.10.006

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MeSH Terms: T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit, Immunotherapy, Homeostasis