Pacemaker activity and ion channels in the sinoatrial node cells: MicroRNAs and arrhythmia.

Wei Fan, Xuemei Sun, Chao Yang, Juyi Wan, Hongli Luo, Bin Liao

Journal: Progress in biophysics and molecular biology 2023;177():151-167

PMID: 36450332

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Abstract

The primary pacemaking activity of the heart is determined by a spontaneous action potential (AP) within sinoatrial node (SAN) cells. This unique AP generation relies on two mechanisms: membrane clocks and calcium clocks. Nonhomologous arrhythmias are caused by several functional and structural changes in the myocardium. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential regulators of gene expression in cardiomyocytes. These miRNAs play a vital role in regulating the stability of cardiac conduction and in the remodeling process that leads to arrhythmias. Although it remains unclear how miRNAs regulate the expression and function of ion channels in the heart, these regulatory mechanisms may support the development of emerging therapies. This study discusses the spread and generation of AP in the SAN as well as the regulation of miRNAs and individual ion channels. Arrhythmogenicity studies on ion channels will provide a research basis for miRNA modulation as a new therapeutic target.

Address: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China.; Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China.; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.11.005

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Sinoatrial Node, MicroRNAs, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Ion Channels, Heart Rate, Action Potentials