Discovery and systematic characterization of risk variants and genes for coronary artery disease in over a million participants.

Moritz von Scheidt, Christopher P Nelson, Luca A Lotta, Iftikhar J Kullo, Amit V Khera, Yoichiro Kamatani, Dong-Keun Jang, Kaoru Ito, Jason Flannick, Maria C Costanzo, David O Arnar, Jacob C Ulirsch, Robert Roberts, Damian Smedley, Gavin Schnitzler, Tobias Reinberger, Shichao Pang, Markus M Nöthen, Jonas B Nielsen, Federico Murgia, Matthias Munz, Sören Mucha, Thomas Meitinger, Lijiang Ma, John Danesh, Adam S Butterworth, Sekar Kathiresan, Cristen J Willer, Hugh Watkins, Heribert Schunkert, Nilesh J Samani, Jeanette Erdmann, Rajat M Gupta, Robert Clarke, Jemma C Hopewell, Hilary K Finucane, Ling Li, Martin Farrall, Patrick T Ellinor, Pierre Zalloua, Arno Ruusalepp, Olle Melander, Kristian Hveem, George Dedoussis, Johan L M Björkegren, Aris Baras, Thomas R Webb, Gudmundur Thorgeirsson, Marju Orho-Melander, Brooke N Wolford, Anuj Goel, Tao Jiang, Krishna G Aragam, Christian T Ruff, Kari Stefansson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Noël P Burtt, Issei Komuro, Deepak S Atri, Marc S Sabatine, Hilma Holm, Eric Boerwinkle, Loukianos S Rallidis, Wei Zhou, Alanna C Morrison, Paul S de Vries, Olga Giannakopoulou, Michael R Brown, Ida Surakka, Panos Deloukas, Kazuyoshi Ishigaki, Tomasz Konopka, Theodosios Kyriakou, Thorsten Kessler, Adnan Kastrati, Maysson Ibrahim, Anna Helgadottir, Syed M Ijlal Haider, Ulrich Güldener, Panagiota Giardoglou, Ben Brumpton, Bjørn O Åsvold, Stavroula Kanoni, Satoshi Koyama, Paul Sherliker, Loreto Muñoz Venegas, Frederick K Kamanu, Nicholas A Marston, Carolina Roselli, Christopher Grace, George Hindy, Minxian Wang, Elle M Weeks

Journal: Nature genetics 2022;54(12):1803-1815

PMID: 36474045

Abstract

The discovery of genetic loci associated with complex diseases has outpaced the elucidation of mechanisms of disease pathogenesis. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for coronary artery disease (CAD) comprising 181,522 cases among 1,165,690 participants of predominantly European ancestry. We detected 241 associations, including 30 new loci. Cross-ancestry meta-analysis with a Japanese GWAS yielded 38 additional new loci. We prioritized likely causal variants using functionally informed fine-mapping, yielding 42 associations with less than five variants in the 95% credible set. Similarity-based clustering suggested roles for early developmental processes, cell cycle signaling and vascular cell migration and proliferation in the pathogenesis of CAD. We prioritized 220 candidate causal genes, combining eight complementary approaches, including 123 supported by three or more approaches. Using CRISPR-Cas9, we experimentally validated the effect of an enhancer in MYO9B, which appears to mediate CAD risk by regulating vascular cell motility. Our analysis identifies and systematically characterizes >250 risk loci for CAD to inform experimental interrogation of putative causal mechanisms for CAD.

© 2022. The Author(s).

Address: Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. [email protected].; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. [email protected].; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. [email protected].; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. [email protected].; BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Department of Population Medicine, Qatar University College of Medicine, Doha, Qatar.; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.; TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.; German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany.; Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, CTSU-Nuffield Department of Population Health, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genomics and Informatics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan.; Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan.; Department of Public Health and Nursing, K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.; HUNT Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway.; Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.; Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.; Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.; deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.; School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.; German Heart Centre Munich, Department of Cardiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.; CTSU-Nuffield Department of Population Health, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.; Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.; The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.; School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.; Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Landspitali-National University Hospital of Iceland, Hringbraut, Reykjavik, Iceland.; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA.; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.; Cardiovascular Genomics and Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicin, Phoenix, AZ, USA.; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.; Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden.; Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden.; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.; Second Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital Attikon, Athens, Greece.; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tartu University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia.; Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE.; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; National Institute for Health and Care Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.; The National Institute for Health and Care Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Saffron Walden, UK.; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; Verve Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA.; BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [email protected].; National Institute for Health and Care Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK. [email protected].; The National Institute for Health and Care Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [email protected].; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [email protected].; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK. [email protected].
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