Insights into the pivotal role of statins and its nanoformulations in hyperlipidemia.

Aayush Sehgal, Simona Bungau, Ishrat Zahoor, Yosif Almoshari, Ahmad Salawi, Sukhbir Singh, Neelam Sharma, Tapan Behl, Neha Kanojia, Syam Mohan, Lotfi Aleya

Journal: Environmental science and pollution research international 2022;29(51):76514-76531

PMID: 36161571

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Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is the primary cause of heart disorders and has been manifested as the condition with remarkable higher levels of very-low-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, intermediate-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and cholesterol in blood circulation. Genetic causes or systemic metabolic illnesses like diabetes mellitus, increased alcohol consumption, hypothyroidism, and primary biliary cirrhosis are several reasons behind development of hyperlipidemia. Higher levels of lipids and lipoproteins in plasma are responsible for various health disorders in human body like occlusion of blood vessels, acute pancreatitis, and reduced artery lumen elasticity. Both primary and secondary prophylaxis of heart disease can be achieved through combination of pharmacologic therapy with therapeutic lifestyle adjustments. Statins which belongs to HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are preferred for primary prevention of hyperlipidemia particularly for individuals at higher risk of development of heart disease. This review discusses the recent advancements and outcomes of nanoparticle drug carriers for statins in the therapy of hyperlipidemia.

Address: Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India.; Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.; Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India. [email protected].; School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi-248007, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.; School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India.; GHG Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.; Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon Cedex, France.; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania.; Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania.

DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23043-3

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Hyperlipidemias, Acute Disease, Lipoproteins, IDL, Pancreatitis, Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Lipoproteins, Heart Diseases, Drug Carriers