Novel rechargeable nano-calcium phosphate and nano-calcium fluoride resin cements.

Heba Mitwalli, Christopher D Lynch, Rashed AlSahafi, Abdullah Alhussein, Abdulrahman A Balhaddad, Theeb A Alquria, Mary Anne S Melo, Thomas W Oates, Ke Zhang, Hockin H K Xu, Michael D Weir

Journal: Journal of dentistry 2022;126():104312

PMID: 36184005

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

In most clinical circumstances, secondary caries at the margin of fixed dental restorations leads to restoration failure and replacement. Accordingly, the objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel rechargeable nano-calcium phosphate (NACP) and nano-calcium fluoride (nCaF) resin-based cement; and (2) investigate their mechanical properties and calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and fluoride (F) ion release, recharge, and re-release for the first time.

METHODS

The cement matrix consisted of pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate (PMGDM), ethoxylated bisphenol-A-dimethacrylate (EBPADMA) was denoted PEHB. Four cements were fabricated: (1) PEHB+0%NACP+0%nCaF (experimental control); (2) PEHB+25%NACP+0%nCaF, (3) PEHB+0%NACP+25%nCaF; (4) PEHB+12.5%NACP+12.5% nCaF. RelyX luting cement was used as a commercial control. Mechanical properties and long-term Ca, P, and F ion release, recharge, and re-release were evaluated.

RESULTS

Adding 25% NACP, 25% nCaF and adding both 12.5% NACP and 12.5% nCaF to the cement matrix presented a significantly higher shear bond strength, flexural strength compared to the commercial control (p < 0.05) with a comparable outcome with no significant different (p > 0.05) compared to experimental control. The film thickness results of all cement groups met the ISO requirement (<50 µm). The resin cement group with both 12.5% NACP and 12.5% nCaF successfully released Ca, P, and F ions at 3.1 ± 0.01, 1.1 ± 0.05, and 0.51±0.01 mmol/L respectively. Moreover, it showed the ability to re-release Ca, P, and F ions at 0.62±0.01, 0.12±0.01, and 0.42±0.01 mmol/L respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The resin cement group with both 12.5% NACP and 12.5% nCaF demonstrated the advantages of both types of bio-interactive fillers as it could release a higher level of ions than the resin cement with 25%nCAF and exhibited a better rechargeability compared to the resin cement with 25%NACP.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

The ability of this novel resin-based cement to release, recharge, and re-release Ca, P, and F ions could be one of the keys to lengthening the survivability of fixed dental restorations. These features could help to reduce the onset of secondary caries by enhancing the remineralization and preventing the demineralization of tooth structures.

Address: PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, College of Dentistry, Makkah 24211, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.; PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.; PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.; Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America; Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Dept. of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America.; Restorative Dentistry, University Dental School and Hospital, University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.; Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Dept. of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America.; School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: [email protected].; Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Dept. of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, United States of America; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, United States of America. Electronic address: [email protected].; Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Dept. of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104312

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Resin Cements, Fluorides, Calcium Fluoride, Glycerol, Calcium Phosphates, Methacrylates, Dental Cements, Dental Materials, Dental Caries, Biofilms, Anti-Bacterial Agents