Monica Ferraroni, M Constanza Camargo, Carlo La Vecchia, Jesus Vioque, Nuno Lunet, Pagona Lagiou, Areti Lagiou, Rashmi Sinha, Mary H Ward, Marcela Guevara, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals, Vicente Martin, Nuria Aragonés, Dmitry Maximovitch, Rossella Bonzi, Linda M Liao, Eva Negri, Domenico Palli, Jinfu Hu, Kenneth C Johnson, Charles S Rabkin, Claudio Pelucchi, Harindra Jayasekara, Minkyo Song, Paolo Boffetta, David Zaridze, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Maria Paula Curado, Gerson Shigueaki Hamada, Akihisa Hidaka, Shoichiro Tsugane
Journal: Cancer causes & control : CCC 2024;35(4):727-737
PMID: 38123742
BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer incidence is higher in men, and a protective hormone-related effect in women is postulated. We aimed to investigate and quantify the relationship in the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project consortium.
METHODS
A total of 2,084 cases and 7,102 controls from 11 studies in seven countries were included. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) assessing associations of key reproductive factors and menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) with gastric cancer were estimated by pooling study-specific ORs using random-effects meta-analysis.
RESULTS
A duration of fertility of ≥ 40 years (vs. < 20), was associated with a 25% lower risk of gastric cancer (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.58-0.96). Compared with never use, ever, 5-9 years and ≥ 10 years use of MHT in postmenopausal women, showed ORs of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.58-0.92), 0.53 (95% CI: 0.34-0.84) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.50-1.00), respectively. The associations were generally similar for anatomical and histologic subtypes.
CONCLUSION
Our results support the hypothesis that reproductive factors and MHT use may lower the risk of gastric cancer in women, regardless of anatomical or histologic subtypes. Given the variation in hormones over the lifespan, studies should address their effects in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Furthermore, mechanistic studies may inform potential biological processes.
© 2023. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.
Full Text Sources:
Medical:
Full Text Sources:
© Copyright 2026, Nutrition Evidence
We use cookies to improve your experience and analyze site traffic with Google Analytics. By continuing to use our site, you agree to our use of cookies. Learn more.