An eco-friendly approach on green synthesis, bio-engineering applications, and future outlook of ZnO nanomaterial: A critical review.

Ravi Shankar Rai, Girish J P, Vivek Bajpai, Muhammad Imran Khan, Noureddine Elboughdiri, Abdallah Shanableh, Rafael Luque

Journal: Environmental research 2023;221():114807

PMID: 36455633

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Abstract

Synthesizing ZnO nanostructures ranging from 1 nm to 4 nm confines the electron cloud and exhibits a quantum effect generally called as quantum confinement effect attracting many researchers in the field of electronics and optics. ZnO nanostructures are used in medical applications to formulate antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and anti-diabetic medications. This work is a comprehensive study of green synthesis of ZnO nanomaterials using different biological sources and highlights different processes able to produce nanostructures including nanowires, nanorods, nanotubes and other nano shapes of ZnO nanostructures. Different properties of ZnO nanostructures and their targeted bioengineering applications are also described. The strategies and challenges of the eco-friendly approach to enhance the application span of ZnO nanomaterials are also summarized, with future prospects for greener design of ZnO nanomaterials are also suggested.

Address: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Mechanical Engineering with Specialization in Design and Manufacturing, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing, Kurnool, A.P, India. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India.; Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address: [email protected].; Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, 81441, Saudi Arabia; Chemical Engineering Process Department, National School of Engineers Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, 6029, Tunisia. Electronic address: [email protected].; Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address: [email protected].; Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho Maklaya Str., 117198, Moscow, Russian Federation; Universidad ECOTEC, Km 13.5 Samborondón, Samborondón, EC092302, Ecuador.

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114807

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MeSH Terms: Zinc Oxide, Nanostructures, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bioengineering