Transplantation Strategies to Enhance Maturity and Cellular Complexity in Brain Organoids.

Meiyan Wang, Fred H Gage, Simon T Schafer

Journal: Biological psychiatry 2023;93(7):616-621

PMID: 36739209

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Abstract

Human brain organoids are 3-dimensional cell aggregates that are generated from pluripotent stem cells and recapitulate features of the early developing human brain. Brain organoids mainly consist of cells from the neural lineage, such as neural progenitor cells, neurons, and astrocytes. However, current brain organoid systems lack functional vasculature as well as other non-neuronal cells that are indispensable for oxygen and nutrient supply to the organoids, causing cell stress and formation of a necrotic center. Attempts to utilize intracerebral transplantation approaches have demonstrated successful vascularization of brain organoids and robust neurodifferentiation. In this review, we summarize recent progress and discuss ethical considerations in the field of brain organoid transplantation.

Address: Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California. Electronic address: [email protected].; Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California.; Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Organoid Systems and Tissue Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.01.004

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Brain, Organoids, Pluripotent Stem Cells, Neurons, Neural Stem Cells, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells