Association of estimated carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity with frailty in middle-aged and older adults with cardiometabolic disease.

Xiaojie Wang, Yuan Li, Yuanlong Hu, Jiaming Huan, Lin Lin, Lei Zhang, Yunlun Li

Journal: Aging clinical and experimental research 2023;35(11):2425-2436

PMID: 37698768

Abstract

PURPOSE

The prevalence of frailty in individuals with cardiometabolic disease (CMD) has become a growing concern in public health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) and frailty in middle-aged and older adults with CMD.

METHODS

We analyzed data from 23,313 non-institutionalized adults with CMD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2018. Frailty status was determined using the frailty index, and logistic regression models were used to assess the association of ePWV with frailty risk. Multivariable logistic regression and propensity-score matching (PSM) were used to adjust for potential confounders. The restricted cubic spline regression model was used to evaluate the non-linear association between ePWV and frailty risk.

RESULTS

After adjusting for potential confounding factors, we found that each one m/s increase in ePWV was associated with a 15% higher risk of frailty (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12 to 1.18, P < 0.001). After PSM, the association remained significant (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.08, P < 0.001). The logistic models with restricted cubic splines showed a non-linear dose-response association, with the risk of frailty increasing more rapidly when ePWV exceeded 9.5 m/s.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study suggest that a higher level of ePWV is associated with an increased risk of frailty in middle-aged and older adults with CMD, and may serve as a viable alternative to directly measured cfPWV.

Address: First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, China.; Shandong Province Engineering Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, China.; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China.; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.; Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.; First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, China. [email protected].; Shandong Province Engineering Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, China. [email protected].; Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, China. [email protected].

DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02556-y

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https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02556-y

MeSH Terms: Humans, Middle Aged, Aged, Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity, Pulse Wave Analysis, Frailty, Nutrition Surveys, Cardiovascular Diseases, Vascular Stiffness, Risk Factors