Obtaining polyphenolic extracts from pomegranate peel (Punica granatum) to evaluate the bactericide and antioxidant activity.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum) contains secondary metabolites with antioxidant and bactericide activity; however, the study of the peel in the endemic varieties of Mexico has not been deepened. The polyphenols extraction of peel pomegranate endemic to the state of Michoacan, Mexico could be used in the formlulation of healthy food due contains antioxidant compounds or could be used like drugs due contains antibactericide compunds.In this work 3 varieties of pomegranate were analyzed; Wonderful, Apaseo and Tecozautla harvested in 2017 and 2018, carrying out a physicochemical characterization to establish the ripening, application of an experimental design of response surface for drying the peel and extracting polyphenols using two solvents (acetone and ethanol) by the Soxhlet method. As a result, the pomegranates were in the correct ripening, in the drying an optimal point of operation was found without affecting the metabolites (36 h at 55 °C) and in the extraction, the bactericide and antioxidant activity was evaluated observing that in the ketone extracts the best results were obtained in the Apaseo variety being; ABTS•+ technique of 150.78 ET mM/g, DPPH• 109.8 ET mM/g and 11.82 EAG mg/g in dry extract. For the bactericide activity measured by inhibition halos in S. aureus and E. coli it was had; 20.03 mm and 14.05 mm respectively for the Apaseo variety, which is why it is convenient to extract polyphenols under this method in peel of Mexican pomegranate varieties.