The ins-and-outs of exosome biogenesis, secretion, and internalization.

Subhash B Arya, Samuel P Collie, Carole A Parent

Journal: Trends in cell biology 2024;34(2):90-108

PMID: 37507251

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Abstract

Exosomes are specialized cargo delivery vesicles secreted from cells by fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the plasma membrane (PM). While the function of exosomes during physiological and pathological events has been extensively reported, there remains a lack of understanding of the mechanisms that regulate exosome biogenesis, secretion, and internalization. Recent technological and methodological advances now provide details about MVB/exosome structure as well as the pathways of exosome biogenesis, secretion, and uptake. In this review, we outline our current understanding of these processes and highlight outstanding questions following on recent discoveries in the field.

Address: Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.06.006

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Exosomes, Cell Membrane, Multivesicular Bodies, Biological Transport