The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Bipolar Disorder and its Common Medical Comorbidities.

Gregory H Jones, Omar F Pinjari, Courtney M Vecera, Kacy Smith, Anita Barrera, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira

Journal: Frontiers in neuroendocrinology 2023;70():101078

PMID: 37220806

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

Bipolar disorder is a decidedly heterogeneous and multifactorial disease, with significant psychosocial and medical disease burden. Much difficulty has been encountered in developing novel therapeutics and objective biomarkers for clinical use in this population. In that regard, gut-microbial homeostasis appears to modulate several key pathways relevant to a variety of psychiatric, metabolic, and inflammatory disorders. Microbial impact on immune, endocrine, endocannabinoid, kynurenine, and other pathways are discussed throughout this review. Emphasis is placed on this system's relevance to current pharmacology, diet, and comorbid illness in bipolar disorder. Despite the high level of optimism promoted in many reviews on this topic, substantial obstacles exist before any microbiome-related findings can provide meaningful clinical utility. Beyond a comprehensive overview of pathophysiology, this review hopes to highlight several key areas where progress is needed. As well, novel microbiome-associated suggestions are presented for future research.

Address: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), United States. Electronic address: [email protected].; Wayne Scott (J-IV) Unit of Correctional Managed Care, University of Texas Medical Branch, United States. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), United States. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), United States. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), United States. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), United States. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101078

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https://medlineplus.gov/bipolardisorder.html

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Bipolar Disorder, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Microbiota