Prevalence and risk factors of post-COVID-19 condition in adults and children at 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge: a prospective, cohort study in Moscow (StopCOVID).

Ekaterina Pazukhina, Margarita Andreeva, Ekaterina Spiridonova, Polina Bobkova, Anastasia Shikhaleva, Yasmin El-Taravi, Mikhail Rumyantsev, Aysylu Gamirova, Anastasiia Bairashevskaia, Polina Petrova, Dina Baimukhambetova, Maria Pikuza, Elina Abdeeva, Yulia Filippova, Salima Deunezhewa, Nikita Nekliudov, Polina Bugaeva, Nikolay Bulanov, Sergey Avdeev, Valentina Kapustina, Alla Guekht, Audrey DunnGalvin, Pasquale Comberiati, Diego G Peroni, Christian Apfelbacher, Jon Genuneit, Luis Felipe Reyes, Caroline L H Brackel, Victor Fomin, Andrey A Svistunov, Peter Timashev, Lyudmila Mazankova, Alexandra Miroshina, Elmira Samitova, Svetlana Borzakova, Elena Bondarenko, Anatoliy A Korsunskiy, Gail Carson, Louise Sigfrid, Janet T Scott, Matthew Greenhawt, Danilo Buonsenso, Malcolm G Semple, John O Warner, Piero Olliaro, Dale M Needham, Petr Glybochko, Denis Butnaru, Ismail M Osmanov, Daniel Munblit

Journal: BMC medicine 2022;20(1):244

PMID: 35794549

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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Previous studies assessing the prevalence of COVID-19 sequelae in adults and children were performed in the absence of an agreed definition. We investigated prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) (WHO definition), at 6- and 12-months follow-up, amongst previously hospitalised adults and children and assessed risk factors.

METHODS

Prospective cohort study of children and adults with confirmed COVID-19 in Moscow, hospitalised between April and August, 2020. Two follow-up telephone interviews, using the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium survey, were performed at 6 and 12 months after discharge.

RESULTS

One thousand thirteen of 2509 (40%) of adults and 360 of 849 (42%) of children discharged participated in both the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. PCC prevalence was 50% (95% CI 47-53) in adults and 20% (95% CI 16-24) in children at 6 months, with decline to 34% (95% CI 31-37) and 11% (95% CI 8-14), respectively, at 12 months. In adults, female sex was associated with PCC at 6- and 12-month follow-up (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.57 to 2.65) and (OR 2.04, 1.54 to 2.69), respectively. Pre-existing hypertension (OR 1.42, 1.04 to 1.94) was associated with post-COVID-19 condition at 12 months. In children, neurological comorbidities were associated with PCC both at 6 months (OR 4.38, 1.36 to 15.67) and 12 months (OR 8.96, 2.55 to 34.82) while allergic respiratory diseases were associated at 12 months (OR 2.66, 1.04 to 6.47).

CONCLUSIONS

Although prevalence of PCC declined one year after discharge, one in three adults and one in ten children experienced ongoing sequelae. In adults, females and persons with pre-existing hypertension, and in children, persons with neurological comorbidities or allergic respiratory diseases are at higher risk of PCC.

Address: Laboratory of Health Economics, Institute of Applied Economic Studies, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.; Center for Advanced Financial Planning, Macroeconomic Analysis and Financial Statistics, Financial Research Institute of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.; Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Child's Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.; Tareev Clinic of Internal Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.; Clinic of Pulmonology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.; Department of Internal Medicine №1, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.; Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia.; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Child's Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.; School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork City, Ireland.; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.; Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Faculty of Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.; Pediatric Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.; Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia.; Clínica Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia.; Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Pediatrics, Tergooi MC, Hilversum, the Netherlands.; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.; ZA Bashlyaeva Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia.; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.; ZA Bashlyaeva Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia.; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.; Nuffield Department of Medicine, ISARIC Global Support Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK.; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Allergy/Immunology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA.; Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.; Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.; Center for Global Health Research and Studies, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia.; Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK.; Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.; Outcomes After Critical Illness and Surgery (OACIS) Research Group, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; ZA Bashlyaeva Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia.; Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Child's Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia. [email protected].; Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia. [email protected].; Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. [email protected].

DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02448-4

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MeSH Terms: Adult, COVID-19, Child, Cohort Studies, Female, Hospitals, Humans, Hypertension, Moscow, Patient Discharge, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors