Dietary Fructose and Fructose-Induced Pathologies.

Sunhee Jung, Hosung Bae, Won-Suk Song, Cholsoon Jang

Journal: Annual review of nutrition 2022;42():45-66

PMID: 35995049

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Abstract

The consumption of fructose as sugar and high-fructose corn syrup has markedly increased during the past several decades. This trend coincides with the exponential rise of metabolic diseases, including obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. While the biochemical pathways of fructose metabolism were elucidated in the early 1990s, organismal-level fructose metabolism and its whole-body pathophysiological impacts have been only recently investigated. In this review, we discuss the history of fructose consumption, biochemical and molecular pathways involved in fructose metabolism in different organs and gut microbiota, the role of fructose in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, and the remaining questions to treat such diseases.

Address: Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA; email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected].; Institute of Bioengineering, Bio-MAX, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.; Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.; Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.; Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.

DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-062220-025831