Recent advances in the therapeutic potential of emodin for human health.

Javad Sharifi-Rad, Jesús Herrera-Bravo, Senem Kamiloglu, Katia Petroni, Abhay Prakash Mishra, Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida, Antoni Sureda, Miquel Martorell, Dossymbetova Symbat Aidarbekovna, Zura Yessimsiitova, Alibek Ydyrys, Christophe Hano, Daniela Calina, William C Cho

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 2022;154():113555

PMID: 36027610

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Abstract

Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone) is a bioactive compound, a natural anthraquinone aglycone, present mainly in herbaceous species of the families Fabaceae, Polygonaceae and Rhamnaceae, with a physiological role in protection against abiotic stress in vegetative tissues. Emodin is mainly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat sore throats, carbuncles, sores, blood stasis, and damp-heat jaundice. Pharmacological research in the last decade has revealed other potential therapeutic applications such as anticancer, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The present study aimed to summarize recent studies on bioavailability, preclinical pharmacological effects with evidence of molecular mechanisms, clinical trials and clinical pitfalls, respectively the therapeutic limitations of emodin. For this purpose, extensive searches were performed using the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google scholar, TRIP database, Springer link, Wiley and SciFinder databases as a search engines. The in vitro and in vivo studies included in this updated review highlighted the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of emodin. Because its bioavailability is low, there are limitations in clinical therapeutic use. In conclusion, for an increase in pharmacotherapeutic efficacy, future studies with carrier molecules to the target, thus opening up new therapeutic perspectives.

Address: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador. Electronic address: [email protected].; Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile; Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.; Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey; Science and Technology Application and Research Center (BITUAM), Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey.; Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H.N.B. Garhwal (A Central) University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174, India. Electronic address: [email protected].; Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University Research Institute of Health and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].; Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University Research Institute of Health and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].; Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile. Electronic address: [email protected].; Almaty Tecnological University, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty 050012, str. Tole bi 100, Str. Torekulova 71, Kazakhstan. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Biodiversity and Bioresource, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi av. 71, 050040 Almaty, Kazakhstan. Electronic address: [email protected].; Biomedical Research Centre, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi av. 71, 050040 Almaty, Kazakhstan. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Orleans, Eure et Loir Campus, 28000 Chartres, France. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113555

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MeSH Terms: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants, Emodin, Humans, Medicine, Chinese Traditional, Polygonaceae