Systemic immunotherapy for the treatment of warts: A literature review.

Ghada Farouk Mohammed, Mohammed Saleh Al-Dhubaibi, Saleh Salem Bahaj, Ahmed Ibrahim Abd Elneam

Journal: Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2022;21(11):5532-5536

PMID: 36017650

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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Immunotherapy has emerged as a critical therapeutic tool for the treatment of warts. Immunotherapy for warts is currently restricted to recalcitrant lesions. A small number of regimens appear to be extremely effective. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of evidence-based research.

OBJECTIVE

Furthermore, in the majority of cases, their safety and effectiveness have not been evaluated in double-blind, controlled clinical trials, making the reproducibility of many of the listed treatments difficult to analyze and a possible placebo effect difficult to rule out.

METHODS

Analyzing and discussing different types of systemic immunotherapy. The different types of immunotherapy for warts are mentioned in this report.

RESULTS

Systemic immunotherapeutic modalities commonly used in the treatment Echinacea, propolis, oral retinoids, glycyrrhizinic acid, levamisole, cimetidine, and zinc sulfate have all been reported as effective treatment modalities for different types of warts.

CONCLUSION

Immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most important therapeutic modalities for warts. Such treatment is required not only for recalcitrant or multiple lesions, but also in the majority of treated cases.

Address: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Sexology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.; Dermatology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia.; Molecular Genetics and Enzymology Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.

DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15330

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Adjuvants, Immunologic, Levamisole, Immunotherapy, Treatment Outcome, Warts, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic