Effects of chronic fluorosis on the brain.

Chao Ren, Hui-Hua Li, Cai-Yi Zhang, Xi-Cheng Song

Journal: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2022;244():114021

PMID: 36049331

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Abstract

This article reviews the effects of chronic fluorosis on the brain and possible mechanisms. We used PubMed, Medline and Cochraine databases to collect data on fluorosis, brain injury, and pathogenesis. A large number of in vivo and in vitro studies and epidemiological investigations have found that chronic fluorosis can cause brain damage, resulting in abnormal brain structure and brain function.Chronic fluorosis not only causes a decline in concentration, learning, and memory, but also has mental symptoms such as anxiety, tension, and depression. Several possible mechanisms that have been proposed: the oxidative stress and inflammation theory, neural cell apoptosis theory, neurotransmitter imbalance theory, as well as the doctrine of the interaction of fluorine with other elements. However, the specific mechanism of chronic fluorosis on brain damage is still unclear. Thus, a better understanding of the mechanisms via which chronic fluorosis causes brain damage is of great significance to protect the physical and mental health of people in developing countries, especially those living in the endemic areas of fluorosis. In brief, further investigation concerning the influence of fluoride on the brain should be conducted as the neural damage induced by it may bring about a huge problem in public health, especially considering growing environmental pollution.

Address: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264000, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province 264000, China; Shandong Provincial Innovation and Practice Base for Postdoctors, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China; Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264000, China. Electronic address: [email protected].; Zhenjiang Mental Health Center, The Fifth People's Hospital of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212000, China.; Department of Psychiatry, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital, No.379 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221000, China; Department of Emergency psychology, Xuzhou Medical University, No.209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221000, China; Department of Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliate Hospital, No.99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221000, China.; Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264000, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province 264000, China; Shandong Provincial Innovation and Practice Base for Postdoctors, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114021

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MeSH Terms: Brain, Fluorides, Fluorine, Fluorosis, Dental, Humans, Oxidative Stress