Recent Advances in the Structural Biology of Mg Channels and Transporters.

Fei Jin, Yichen Huang, Motoyuki Hattori

Journal: Journal of molecular biology 2022;434(19):167729

PMID: 35841930

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Abstract

Magnesium ions (Mg) are the most abundant divalent cations in living organisms and are essential for various physiological processes, including ATP utilization and the catalytic activity of numerous enzymes. Therefore, the homeostatic mechanisms associated with cellular Mg are crucial for both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms and are thus strictly controlled by Mg channels and transporters. Technological advances in structural biology, such as the expression screening of membrane proteins, in meso phase crystallization, and recent cryo-EM techniques, have enabled the structure determination of numerous Mg channels and transporters. In this review article, we provide an overview of the families of Mg channels and transporters (MgtE/SLC41, TRPM6/7, CorA/Mrs2, CorC/CNNM), and discuss the structural biology prospects based on the known structures of MgtE, TRPM7, CorA and CorC.

Address: State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167729

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MeSH Terms: Adenosine Triphosphate, Cations, Divalent, Magnesium, TRPM Cation Channels