Sphingolipids and their role in health and disease in the central nervous system.

Andrés Felipe Leal, Diego A Suarez, Olga Yaneth Echeverri-Peña, Sonia Luz Albarracín, Carlos Javier Alméciga-Díaz, Ángela Johana Espejo-Mojica

Journal: Advances in biological regulation 2022;85():100900

PMID: 35870382

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

Sphingolipids (SLs) are lipids derived from sphingosine, and their metabolism involves a broad and complex network of reactions. Although SLs are widely distributed in the body, it is well known that they are present in high concentrations within the central nervous system (CNS). Under physiological conditions, their abundance and distribution in the CNS depend on brain development and cell type. Consequently, SLs metabolism impairment may have a significant impact on the normal CNS function, and has been associated with several disorders, including sphingolipidoses, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's. This review summarizes the main SLs characteristics and current knowledge about synthesis, catabolism, regulatory pathways, and their role in physiological and pathological scenarios in the CNS.

Address: Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia.; Nutrition and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia.; Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia. Electronic address: [email protected].; Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2022.100900

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MeSH Terms: Central Nervous System, Humans, Lipid Metabolism, Sphingolipidoses, Sphingolipids