Oleuropein from olive leaf extracts and extra-virgin olive oil provides distinctive phenolic profiles and modulation of microbiota in the large intestine.

Gabriele Rocchetti, Maria Luisa Callegari, Alice Senizza, Gianluca Giuberti, Jessica Ruzzolini, Annalisa Romani, Silvia Urciuoli, Chiara Nediani, Luigi Lucini

Journal: Food chemistry 2022;380():132187

PMID: 35086016

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

The interest in the modulation of gut microbiota by polyphenols from olives and derived products is increasing. In this work, phenolic leaf extracts (PLE) were in vitro faecal fermented to evaluate the changes in phenolic profiles and the impact on microbiota, using a commercial extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) as reference. The in vitro fermentation decreased oleuropein content in PLE, determining an increase of hydroxytyrosol and other phenolic metabolites. An increase (p < 0.05) of hydroxytyrosol (LogFC = 6.02; VIP score = 1.05) was also observed in fermented EVOO. Besides, PLE significantly (p < 0.05) changed amino acids (LogFC = 6.1) and fatty acids (LogFC = 5.9) profile of the faeces. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that Coriobacteriaceae at the family level, and Collinsella at the genus level, were the most affected by PLE fermentation. These findings support the modulation of the gut microbiota exerted by phenolics from PLE and EVOO.

Address: Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy.; Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Italy.; PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis)-DiSIA, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Italy. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132187

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MeSH Terms: Intestine, Large, Iridoid Glucosides, Microbiota, Olea, Olive Oil, Plant Extracts, Plant Oils