Mercury levels in hair are associated with reduced neurobehavioral performance and altered brain structures in young adults.

Sugiko Hanawa, Ryuta Kawashima, Yuko Sassa, Daniele Magistro, Susumu Yokota, Shigeyuki Ikeda, Takayuki Nozawa, Kohei Sakaki, Carlos Makoto Miyauchi, Tsuyoshi Araki, Hikaru Takeuchi, Kunio Iizuka, Atsushi Sekiguchi, Seishu Nakagawa, Yuka Kotozaki, Ryoichi Yokoyama, Rui Nouchi, Yasuyuki Taki, Ken Yaoi, Yuka Shiota

Journal: Communications biology 2022;5(1):529

PMID: 35655003

Abstract

The detrimental effects of high-level mercury exposure on the central nervous system as well as effects of low-level exposure during early development have been established. However, no previous studies have investigated the effects of mercury level on brain morphometry using advance imaging techniques in young adults. Here, utilizing hair analysis which has been advocated as a method for biological monitoring, data of regional gray matter volume (rGMV), regional white matter volume (rWMV), fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), cognitive functions, and depression among 920 healthy young adults in Japan, we showed that greater hair mercury levels were weakly but significantly associated with diminished cognitive performance, particularly on tasks requiring rapid processing (speed measures), lower depressive tendency, lower rGMV in areas of the thalamus and hippocampus, lower rWMV in widespread areas, greater FA in bilaterally distributed white matter areas overlapping with areas of significant rWMV reductions and lower MD of the widely distributed gray and white matter areas particularly in the bilateral frontal lobe and the right basal ganglia. These results suggest that even normal mercury exposure levels in Japan are weakly associated with differences of brain structures and lower neurobehavioral performance and altered mood among young adults.

© 2022. The Author(s).

Address: Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. [email protected].; United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Kanazawa, Japan.; Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.; Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.; Division of Medical Neuroimaging Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.; Creative Interdisciplinary Research Division, Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.; Human and Social Response Research Division, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.; School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.; Division of Clinical research, Medical-Industry Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.; Department of Human Human Brain Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.; Division of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.; Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.; ADVANTAGE Risk Management Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Advanced Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.; Research Institute for the Earth Inclusive Sensing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Ubiquitous Sensing, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.; Division for Experimental Natural Science, Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.; National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), The NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, England.
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