What puts the heat on thermogenic fat: metabolism of fuel substrates.

Carlos H Sponton, Jose Carlos de Lima-Junior, Luiz O Leiria

Journal: Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM 2022;33(8):587-599

PMID: 35697585

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Abstract

Owing to its unique capacity to clear macronutrients from circulation and use them to produce heat, thermogenic fat is capable of regulating glucose, lipids, and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) circulatory levels. At the same time, its activity yields a higher energy expenditure, thereby conferring protection against cardiometabolic diseases. Our knowledge on the mechanisms of uptake and intracellular metabolism of such energy substrates into thermogenic fat has meaningfully evolved in recent years. This has allowed us to better understand how the thermogenic machinery processes those molecules to utilize them as substrates for heating up the body. Here, we discuss recent advances in the molecular and cellular regulatory process that governs the uptake and metabolism of such substrates within thermogenic fat.

Address: Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.05.003

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MeSH Terms: Adipose Tissue, Brown, Energy Metabolism, Hot Temperature, Humans, Thermogenesis, Uncoupling Protein 1