Sedentary behavior, physical inactivity, abdominal obesity and obesity in adults and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Erika Aparecida Silveira, Carolina Rodrigues Mendonça, Felipe Mendes Delpino, Guilherme Vinícius Elias Souza, Lorena Pereira de Souza Rosa, Cesar de Oliveira, Matias Noll

Journal: Clinical nutrition ESPEN 2022;50():63-73

PMID: 35871953

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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Sedentary behavior and physical inactivity may increase the risk of obesity. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate: i) the prevalence/incidence of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity, ii) the association of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity with obesity, and iii) the objective and subjective measures, diagnostic criteria, and cut-off points to estimate sedentary behavior and physical inactivity in adults and older adults with obesity.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, and Cochrane Library databases. A meta-analysis of a random-effects model was performed to estimate the combined prevalence of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity and their association with obesity.

RESULTS

Twenty-three studies involving 638,000 adults and older adults were included in the systematic review. A meta-analysis was conducted with 111,851 individuals with obesity. The combined prevalence of sedentary behavior was 31% (95% CI, 23-41%), and physical inactivity was 43% (95% CI, 31-55%). Significant associations between obesity and sedentary behavior (OR 1.45, 95% CI, 1.21-1.75) and physical inactivity (OR 1.52, 95% CI, 1.23-1.87) were found. Nine studies have used objective measures to assess physical activity levels, such as accelerometers and pedometers, whereas fourteen applied subjective methods and self-reported questionnaires.

CONCLUSIONS

As expected, we found elevated rates of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity in individuals with obesity and a positive risk association. The wide range of objective and subjective measures, methods and cut-offs resulted in great variations of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior estimates.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

PROSPERO (CRD42016037747).

Address: Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Medical School, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil; Severe Obesity Study Group, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK.; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Medical School, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil; Severe Obesity Study Group, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil.; Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil. Electronic address: [email protected].; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Medical School, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil.; Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK.; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Medical School, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil; Federal Institute Goiano, Campus Ceres, Goiás, Brazil; Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.06.001